‘Maria Lassnig. A Painting Survey, 1950 – 2007’ reveals the ways in which the artist drew from and challenged conventions of abstraction to create a singular figuration. Organised chronologically, the exhibition unfolds across two gallery spaces, beginning with the early 1950s. In rarely seen oil paintings such as the 1953 works ‘Flächenteilung Schwarz-Weiss-Grau 2’ (Field-division black-white-grey 2) and ‘Flächenteilung Schwarz-Weiss-Grau 1’ (Field-division black-white-grey 1), viewers can see Lassnig exploring an abstract visual language bolstered by her immersion in the Vienna Art Club, French avant-garde circles and her relationships with writers including Paul Celan, Friederike Mayröcker and Oswald Wiener.
By the late 1950s and early 1960s, Lassnig’s work had turned to gestural, field-like abstract landscapes, exemplified by ‘Tachismus 4’ (Tachism 4) (1958 / 1959) and ‘Ohne Titel’ (Untitled) (ca. 1960), in which her earlier subdued palette is replaced by intense, warm colour. At the same time, an innovative figuration, expressive and painterly, is beginning to emerge. In canvases such as ‘Selbstporträt als Tier’ (Self-portrait as animal) (1963) and ‘Balancing Myself’ (1965), Lassnig trains her eye upon herself, resulting in works that are caricatured, allegorical and psychologically penetrating. Her intense colour palette in this period, with hot pinks and florid purples and reds, is deliberately unnatural, provoking a re-evaluation of the figure-ground relationship.
In the 1970s, Lassnig turned to a subtler, cooler, but equally surreal palette to portray recognisable nude figures, including the two self-portraits on view ‘Dreifaches Selbstporträt / New Self’ (Triple Self-portrait / New Self) (1972) and ‘Selbstporträt mit Weinglas’ (Self-portrait with wine glass) (1975). These depictions of solitude give way in the 1980s to figures barely recognisable as human, but whose raw vulnerability instantly denotes Lassnig’s hand. By the end of the decade, the artist’s ongoing exploration of figure-ground tensions is expressed in works such as ‘Große Flächenteilung / Spiegel’ (Large field-division / mirror) (1989) and ‘Unterbrechung’ (Interruption) (1989), in which simple shapes are painted over horizontal swaths of intense and even acrid contrasting colour fields.
The artist’s work from the 1990s and 2000s shifted from an agitated, intense palette to cool, vivid, and complementary hues. Fragmented figures in some works – ‘Generationsfußtritt / Generationsprobleme II’ (Generational kick / Generation problems II) (1998 / 1999) and ‘Be-Ziehungen VI’ (Re-lations VI) (1994), for example – seem to suggest the artist confronting questions of knowledge, language and generational conflict. Other canvases on view, painted in this final period of Lassnig’s life, reflect tender and personal moments – a figure kissing a teddy bear, a self-portrait blowing a bubble.
